The Muller-Lyer illusion is a size constancy illusion. In this illusion, the red and the blue lines below are the same length, but due to the effects of the arrows the red line appears longer.
The red and blues lines are both 170 pixels long
The illusion has been well studied since it was described by German psychiatrist Franz Carl Muller-Lyer in 1889. However, there is no certain explanation for the apparent difference in the perception of the lengths.
Muller-Lyer
1889
Muller-Lyer attempted to explain the illusion he had discovered as follows: "the judgment not only takes the lines themselves, but also, unintentionally, some part of the space on either side."
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